Spoo, J. W., R. A. Rogers, and N. A. Monteiro-Riviere. Effects of Formaldehyde, DMSO, Benzoyl Peroxide, and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate on Isolated Perfused Porcine Skin. In Vitro Toxicol. 1992. 5(4): 251-260.

benzoyl peroxide - 94-36-0; dimethyl sulfoxide - 67-68-5; formaldehyde - 50-00-0; sodium dodecyl sulfate - 151-21-3

The mechanism of primary irritant dermatitis (PID) is not well understood, despite the many reported cases of occupational skin diseases. Specifically, the cellular and biochemical aspects of irritant reactions have not been well characterized. Isolated tissue models that are similar to human skin and that have impaired cellular immune systems would be ideal for identifying the early biochemical alterations induced by irritants. The isolated perfused porcine skin flap (IPPSF) is an ideal model for studying these parameters since it has an intact and viable epidermis that is structurally similar to human skin, a functional microcirculatory system, and an isolated immune system. Four cutaneous irritants, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), formaldehyde (FM), benzoyl peroxide in DMSO (BP/DMSO) and sodium lauryl sulfate in DMSO (SLS/DMSO), were topically applied to the flap and the physiologic and biochemical profiles of vascular resistance and glucose utilization of the flap monitored over an 8 hr period. Histology was evaluated at the end of perfusion. Statistically significant (p>0.05) changes in vascular resistance were not observed in any of the dosed flaps or C flaps. Decreased glucose utilization was observed in flaps treated with FM, while BP/DMSO treated flaps had marked increases in glucose utilization compared to controls.